Volcanoes , forest and places " Dong Nai "

​1 . Volcanoes :

     Volcanic Activity in the province of Dong Nai province occurred in Neogene - Quaternary age , covering layer of nearly 1/3 of the area of ​​the province . Despite being divided more or less destroyed but can still recognize a unique 3 terrain types they generate volcanic plateau , volcanic plains and volcanic cones .

     Volcanic plateau distribution in Nam Cat Tien , high 200 - > 300m , 230km2 area . They are made by the basalt eruptions with thick layers of 28 - > 100 m , averaging 50 - > 60m .

The volcanic plains are widely distributed in Tuc Trung , Xuan Loc , Cam Integrity , Ta Lai , Dinh Quan , Gia Ray . They are formed by the eruption of lava composition has a low viscosity base overlaying on the leveled surface before .

     The volcanic cones are formed under conditions of high viscosity lava in the eruption or explosion . The volcanic cones concentrated in clusters Cam Tien ( 43 cones ) , Gia Kiem Xuan Loc ( 23 cones ) , Phu Hoa ( 6 hats ) , Dinh Quan ( 3 cones ) . The volcanic cones are found independently in the northeastern mountains Jiang Cu ( Dinh Quan ) , Spill mountain , mountains , mountain Regulation ( Tuc Trung ) , nacelles , Soc Lu , south and north Chua Chan mountain , Be Uncle Mountain ... Mount Soc Lu largest fire in cone shaped , 5.5 km in diameter , 100m foot high mountain , 418m high mountain , shaped concave slopes , feel the bottom , the upper slopes .

     2 . forest :

     Dong Nai landscape rich with vegetation types include many plants typical of tropical crops and wild plants . Dong Nai forest ecosystems ranked in humid tropical monsoon forest . To date , forest land accounted for only about 29.2 % . The area of ​​primary forest still not many , scattered in Vinh An , Tan Phu , Dinh Quan ... mostly Class plant leguminous crops , they are indifferent , their horoscope , their valleys , legumes such as by steering , teak , single chancre , monitoring , hybrid cam , type , brake shoe ... Along the river valley with forests , bamboo , rattan . Plantation area and develop quite early compared to other provinces , virtually anywhere also includes : rubber forest industry , forest trees for paper materials have eucalyptus , the trees get salt water , mam ...

     The flora is typical Dong Nai Nam Cat Tien forest has about 1850 species, with 73 151 of them in 5 sectors of higher plants . The number of known species in 8.8% of the total species of Vietnam, 11.8 % Southern Highlands of 17.8 % , with 37 % of the flora of Cuc Phuong ( Ninh Binh ) and 68 % of Phu Quoc ( Kien Giang ) .

Their flora species , 13 ( 10.1% respectively ) , each of them has about 76 species and a total of 13 species of this family, with 51.2 % of the 317 species in Nam Cat Tien . Specifically include: they spread ( 76 species ) , legumes ( 49 species ) , they Castor ( 38 species ) , their coffee ( 34 species ) , they mulberry ( 18 species ) , they wax ( 15 species ) , they Trom ( 14 species ) , their oil ( 14 species) and their rice ( 14 species ) , they verbena ( 12 species ) , they favor justice ( 12 species ) , they rush ( 10 species ) , they camphor ( 12 species ) .

     Flora Dong Nai has 26 rare plant species in danger of extinction . In addition to factors originating site ( native) , typical for southern flora , flora Dong Nai mainly migrant group elements typical flora of tropical moist forest , present a them in their characteristic vegetation of the tropical flora neck .

     Researchers have listed specialty groups :

     - Group timber : about 120 species ( 19.3 % of species ) , including : oil otters , red wood , brake shoe , black stars , bottles , Rachel armor , marble cross , with the steering ...

     - Group tree for the forest products : 40 species , including : bamboo , leaves , rattan ...

     - Group medicinal plants : about 240 species ( 38.7 % of species ) , including : cardamom cash code , knotweed , golden bitter , dark core allocation , millennium event ...

     - Landscaped Group : 40 species ( 6.4 % of species ) .

     - Orchid Group : 71 species ( 11.1 % of species ) , including : cinnamon flavored spreads , denizens bar , pearl spot , draft royal purple ...

     - Group tree oil for plastics : 15 species ( 2.4 % ) , notably those of the otter and the bottle of oil for oil composition.

     - Group tree oil and fat : 29 species ( 4.7 % ) , including : Trom , including beams , plow ...

     - Group tannin containing plants : 79 species ( 13 % ) .

     - Group plants for food: 21 species ( 3.4 % ) .

     - The tree fruit : strawberry leather oval , black inlays , crocodiles , orang , books , hammers , jack- deprecating , tea bar , mango forest ...

     - The other food crops : root grinding , fruit baskets , pulp and palm trees of the forest vegetables , bamboo shoots , mushrooms , black fungus ...

     - Resources about algae : a diverse and abundant fauna 438 species of algae Nam Cat Tien .

     3 . Places " Dong Nai "

     Places Dong Nai national language appeared for the first time in a report by the Catholic Church parishioners about the situation in the South ( written May 10-1710 ) : " Around 1670 people have been born Cochinchine to muscle up industrial land in that part which is called Dounay bordering the Khmer and the Cham kingdom " . In the national language materials in the seventeenth century and early eighteenth century , he also recorded the spelling ou or OU . In the French document , using " D " instead of "E " )

     1747 , Launay noted landmarks with self- Dong Nai - nai form is dou . Then , place the Dong Nai has appeared in Nom , both national language in 1772 in Annam Dictionary of Latin - Pigneau de Béhaine . Book Phu Bien Tap Luc Le Quy Don ( 1776 ) mentions places in Dong Nai . Trinh Hoai Duc also mentioned places in Gia Dinh city , Dong Nai Thong Chi ( 1820 ) : " Made in Dong Nai " .

Semantically , the author understands the Dong Nai places " fields have the deer " . Genibrel in Vietnamese - French Dictionary ( 1898 ) clearly stated : " La Plaine aux cerfs " ( Fields deer ) . Books will of the Unified Dai Nam Quoc Nguyen Dynasty history writing : " Cho filter downstream south of Phuoc Long ( Dong Nai ) Phuoc district chief , former ancient deer in the fields , so he named her , or call Loc Dong, Dong Nai continue for , because when first mined from Dong Nai first place , should also include enough original stuff for those hills . " When translated to kanji places , the grape has used two words Loc ( Loc : deer ; Field : field ) .

     Some other researchers instead Loc , Loc Dong uses . Deer Cave is " deer cave ," is clearly not consistent with reality , because no deer in the cave . This is a compound word literally had to just transcribed . Loc to translate Nai , Dong Dong transcribed .

     In addition to the two cases and literally translated means - transliteration , also transcribed a pure case : afire . At the transcription of Agriculture is acceptable because the first two consonants "d " and " n " can be converted to each other . The deer , in Chinese - Vietnamese do not have , should have known to use the Complaint session.

The name Loc , Loc Dong, Nong Nai is not a real place but a service name , last name transcribed or translated name of the place has transcribed Dong Nai . So it should not be the name of the national language dictionary record as Dong Nai .

     On the other hand , the structure " from only interesting topographic name + " is very popular in Vietnam , especially in the South , such as canals Buffalo Ben , Go Cong , Ho Bo , Rach Dia , Bau Tran ... other factors deer or deer appeared quite a lot : Ho Nai , Dong deer ( Bien Hoa ) , incision Nai Nai Bau , Mui Nai river , Hoc Huu ( Ho Chi Minh city ​​